Zevachim - Daf 100
- A relative who dies before or after חצות re: bringing a korban pesach
The previous Daf posed a contradiction about Rebbe Shimon’s opinion whether a korban pesach may be brought for an אונן, and five answers are presented. In the fourth answer, Abaye says: כאן שמת קודם חצות – here (Rebbe Shimon’s ruling that an אונן cannot bring a pesach) is when [the relative] died before midday on Erev Pesach, whereas כאן שמת לאחר חצות – here (Rebbe Shimon’s ruling allowing an אונן to bring a pesach) is when he died after midday. He explains: קודם חצות דלא איחזי לפסח – if he died before midday, where he was not yet fit to bring the pesach, חיילא עליה אנינות – aninus (דאורייתא) takes effect on him and prohibits him from bringing the pesach. אחר חצות דאיחזי לפסח – If he died after midday, where he was already fit to bring the pesach, לא חיילא עליה אנינות – aninus does not take effect on him to prevent him from bringing it. This answer is supported from a contradiction between Baraisos about whether an אונן, whose relative died that day, brings a korban pesach, which can be reconciled with the same answer.
- Eating the pesach if he became an אונן after it was sacrificed
In the final answer, Rava says that both statements of Rebbe Shimon refer to one whose relative died after חצות (he disagrees with Abaye, and holds that אנינות even overrides a pesach obligation which preceded it). כאן קודם ששחטו וזרקו עליו – [Rebbe Shimon’s ruling that he cannot bring the pesach] is when the relative died before they shechted and threw its blood for him, כאן לאחר ששחטו וזרקו עליו – whereas [his ruling allowing an אונן to eat the pesach] is where the relative died after they shechted and threw its blood for him. Rav Adda bar Masna asked Rava that after the pesach was already fully sacrificed, מאי דהוה הוה – whatever has happened has happened! Since the pesach was already brought, his obligation was fulfilled, so why should he be allowed to eat it? Ravina responded: אכילת פסחים מעכבא – eating the pesach is essential to fulfilling the pesach obligation, and he is not יוצא unless he may eat it. Rava told Rav Adda: ציית מאי דקאמר לך רבך – Listen to what your teacher is telling you!
- Machlokes Tannaim if יום קבורה תופס לילו מדרבנן
A Baraisa appears to contradict itself about whether one may eat kodashim the night after his relative is buried, and Rav Chisda explains that it is a machlokes Tannaim, based on a Baraisa: עד מתי מתאונן עליו – until when is one an אונן for [his relative]? The Tanna Kamma says: כל היום – the entire day. Rebbe says: כל זמן שלא נקבר – as long as he is not buried. This cannot refer to the day of death itself, because everyone agrees that the following night is prohibited; furthermore, Rebbe could not possibly say that אנינות ends immediately after burial, because this is prohibited מדאורייתא, as the passuk says: ואחריתה כיום מר – and her end will be like “a day of bitterness,” indicating that there is a day of bitter mourning for a relative’s passing. Rather, it means יום קבורה – the day of burial. However, because another Baraisa prohibits eating kodashim the night after burial, Rebbe Yirmiyah eventually emends this Baraisa’s Tanna Kamma to say that one is an אונן the entire day of burial בלא לילו – without that night, and Rebbe says he is an אונן until his relative is buried, ואם נקבר תופס לילו – and even when he is buried, [the אנינות] impacts that night, prohibiting him from eating kodashim.
